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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Forkhead-Box-Protein P3</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><table class="wikitable hintergrundfarbe-basis infobox float-right" id="Vorlage_Infobox_Protein_" style="font-size:90%; margin-top:0; width:350px;" summary="Infobox Protein">
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<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Forkhead-Box-Protein P3
</th></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;;">Eigenschaften des menschlichen Proteins
</th></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Bezeichner
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<td><a href="Human_Genome_Organisation" title="Human Genome Organisation">Gen-Namen</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.genenames.org/tools/search/#!/all?query=6106">FOXP3</a></i>, AIID, DIETER, IPEX, JM2, MGC141961, MGC141963, PIDX, XPID
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Externe IDs
</td>
<td colspan="2" class="">
<ul><li><a href="Online_Mendelian_Inheritance_in_Man" title="Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man">OMIM</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim/300292">300292</a></li>
<li><a href="Mouse_Genome_Informatics" title="Mouse Genome Informatics">MGI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.informatics.jax.org/marker/MGI:1891436">1891436</a></li></ul>
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<tr>
<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Vorkommen
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;">Übergeordnetes <a href="Taxon" title="Taxon">Taxon</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><a href="S%C3%A4ugetiere" title="Säugetiere">Säugetiere</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122; text-align:center;"><a href="Homologie_(Genetik)#Homologie_zwischen_verdoppelten_oder_fremden_Genen" title="Homologie (Genetik)">Orthologe</a>
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<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;">
</td>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122; text-align:center;">Mensch
</td>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122; text-align:center;">Maus
</td></tr>
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<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="Entrez_Gene" title="Entrez Gene">Entrez</a>
</td>
<td><span class=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=gene&cmd=retrieve&dopt=default&list_uids=50943&rn=1">50943</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=gene&cmd=retrieve&dopt=default&list_uids=20371&rn=1">20371</a></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="Ensembl" title="Ensembl">Ensembl</a>
</td>
<td><span class=""><small><small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/geneview?gene=ENSG00000049768;db=core">ENSG00000049768</a></small></small></span>
</td>
<td><span class=""><small><small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ensembl.org/Mus_musculus/geneview?gene=ENSMUSG00000039521;db=core">ENSMUSG00000039521</a></small></small></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="UniProt" title="UniProt">UniProt</a>
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q9BZS1">Q9BZS1</a>
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q53Z59">Q53Z59</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">Refseq</a> (mRNA)
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_014009">NM_014009</a>
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_054039">NM_054039</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">Refseq</a> (Protein)
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_054728">NP_054728</a>
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_473380">NP_473380</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="Genlocus" title="Genlocus">Genlocus</a>
</td>
<td><span class=""> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTracks?org=Human&position=chrX:48993841-49008232">Chr X: 48.99 – 49.01 Mb</a> </span>
</td>
<td><span class=""> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTracks&position=chrX:6743278-6752193">Chr X: 6.74 – 6.75 Mb</a> </span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;"><a href="PubMed" title="PubMed">PubMed</a>-Suche
</td>
<td><span class=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Link&LinkName=gene_pubmed&from_uid=50943">50943</a></span>
</td>
<td><span class=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Link&LinkName=gene_pubmed&from_uid=20371">20371</a></span>
<p><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
</p>
</td></tr></tbody></table><p><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
</p><p>Das <b>Forkhead-Box-Protein P3</b> (<b>FoxP3</b>), auch <b>Scurfin</b><sup id="cite_ref-PMID12874208_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PMID12874208-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> genannt, ist ein <a href="Protein" title="Protein">Protein</a>, das im <a href="Zellkern" title="Zellkern">Zellkern</a> von <a href="S%C3%A4ugetiere" title="Säugetiere">Säugetieren</a> vorkommt. Es handelt sich um einen <a href="Transkriptionsfaktor" title="Transkriptionsfaktor">Transkriptionsfaktor</a>, der an die <a href="DNA" class="mw-redirect" title="DNA">DNA</a> (Desoxyribonukleinsäure) bindet und damit die <a href="Genexpression" title="Genexpression">Expression</a> von Proteinen stimuliert, die in den <a href="Regulatorische_T-Zelle" title="Regulatorische T-Zelle">regulatorischen T-Zellen</a> des <a href="Immunsystem" title="Immunsystem">Immunsystems</a> gebraucht werden. Da FoxP3 spezifisch für native und peripher entstandene regulatorische <a href="T-Zelle" class="mw-redirect" title="T-Zelle">T-Zellen</a> ist, kann man diese damit nachweisen. FoxP3 ist weiterhin ein essentieller Transkriptionsfaktor für regulatorische T-Zellen, da gezeigt wurde, dass nach genetischer Veränderung von <a href="Hausmaus" title="Hausmaus">Mäusen</a> (FoxP3-Knockout) diese keine regulatorischen T-Zellen bilden. Homozygote FoxP3-<a href="Knockout-Maus" title="Knockout-Maus">Knockout-Mäuse</a>, bei denen FoxP3 permanent in allen Zellen mutiert wurde, sind nicht vermehrungsfähig, wohingegen die heterozygoten Tiere lediglich vermindert vermehrungsfähig sind.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<p>Beim Menschen führen bestimmte <a href="Mutation" title="Mutation">Mutationen</a> im <i>FOXP3</i>-<a href="Gen" title="Gen">Gen</a> zu einer <a href="Polyendokrine_Autoimmunerkrankungen" title="Polyendokrine Autoimmunerkrankungen">polyendokrinen Autoimmunerkrankung</a>. Sie ist dadurch zu erklären, dass die regulatorischen T-Zellen die Autoimmunreaktionen nicht unterdrücken können. Der Transkriptionsfaktor FoxP3 stammt aus der Familie der <a href="Forkhead-Box-Proteine" title="Forkhead-Box-Proteine">Forkhead-Box-Proteine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Regulatorische T-Zellen spielen eine Rolle bei Autoimmunerkrankungen wie beispielsweise <a href="Rheumatoide_Arthritis" title="Rheumatoide Arthritis">Rheumatoide Arthritis</a> und <a href="Lupus_erythematodes" title="Lupus erythematodes">Lupus erythematodes</a>. Die Ausscheidung von FoxP3-mRNA ist bei solchen Patienten erhöht, wie auch generell nach Nieren<a href="Transplantation" title="Transplantation">transplantation</a>. FoxP3-Zufuhr führte in einer Studie an Mäusen zur Verhinderung von Krebs-<a href="Metastasen" class="mw-redirect" title="Metastasen">Metastasen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PMID23396208_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PMID23396208-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://omabrowser.org/cgi-bin/gateway.pl?f=DisplayGroup&p1=Q9BZS1">Homologe bei OMA</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-PMID12874208-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-PMID12874208_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">D. J. Kasprowicz, P. S. Smallwood u. a.: <i>Scurfin (FoxP3) controls T-dependent immune responses in vivo through regulation of CD4+ T cell effector function.</i> In: <i>Journal of Immunology.</i> Band 171, Nummer 3, August 2003, S. 1216–1223, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12874208?dopt=Abstract">PMID 12874208</a>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kim JM, <a href="Alexander_Y._Rudensky" title="Alexander Y. Rudensky">Rudensky A</a>: <cite style="font-style:italic">The role of the transcription factor Foxp3 in the development of regulatory T cells</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic"><a href="Immunol_Rev" class="mw-redirect" title="Immunol Rev">Immunol Rev</a></cite>. 212. Jahrgang, August 2006, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>86–98</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0105-2896.2006.00426.x">10.1111/j.0105-2896.2006.00426.x</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16903908?dopt=Abstract">PMID 16903908</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Forkhead-Box-Protein+P3&rft.atitle=The+role+of+the+transcription+factor+Foxp3+in+the+development+of+regulatory+T+cells&rft.au=Kim+JM%2C+Rudensky+A&rft.btitle=Immunol+Rev&rft.date=2006-08&rft.doi=10.1111%2Fj.0105-2896.2006.00426.x&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=86-98&rft.pmid=16903908&rft.volume=212.+Jahrgang" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Josefowicz SZ, <a href="Alexander_Y._Rudensky" title="Alexander Y. Rudensky">Rudensky A</a>: <cite style="font-style:italic">Control of regulatory T cell lineage commitment and maintenance</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic"><a href="Immunity" title="Immunity">Immunity</a></cite>. 30. Jahrgang, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>5</span>, Mai 2009, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>616–25</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2009.04.009">10.1016/j.immuni.2009.04.009</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19464984?dopt=Abstract">PMID 19464984</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Forkhead-Box-Protein+P3&rft.atitle=Control+of+regulatory+T+cell+lineage+commitment+and+maintenance&rft.au=Josefowicz+SZ%2C+Rudensky+A&rft.date=2009-05&rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.immuni.2009.04.009&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=5&rft.jtitle=Immunity&rft.pages=616-25&rft.pmid=19464984&rft.volume=30.+Jahrgang" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kryczek I, Liu R, Wang G, <i>et al.</i>: <cite style="font-style:italic">FOXP3 defines regulatory T cells in human tumor and autoimmune disease</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic"><a href="Cancer_Research" title="Cancer Research">Cancer Research</a></cite>. 69. Jahrgang, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>9</span>, Mai 2009, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>3995–4000</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-3804">10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-3804</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19383912?dopt=Abstract">PMID 19383912</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Forkhead-Box-Protein+P3&rft.atitle=FOXP3+defines+regulatory+T+cells+in+human+tumor+and+autoimmune+disease&rft.au=Kryczek+I%2C+Liu+R%2C+Wang+G%2C+...&rft.date=2009-05&rft.doi=10.1158%2F0008-5472.CAN-08-3804&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=9&rft.jtitle=Cancer+Research&rft.pages=3995-4000&rft.pmid=19383912&rft.volume=69.+Jahrgang" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="UniProt" title="UniProt">UniProt</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q9BZS1">Q9BZS1</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Heinze E, Baldwin S, Chan G, <i>et al.</i>: <cite style="font-style:italic">Antibody-mediated FOXP3 protein therapy induces apoptosis in cancer cells in vitro and inhibits metastasis in vivo</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic"><a href="International_Journal_of_Oncology" title="International Journal of Oncology">International Journal of Oncology</a></cite>. 35. Jahrgang, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>1</span>, Juli 2009, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>167–73</span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19513564?dopt=Abstract">PMID 19513564</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Forkhead-Box-Protein+P3&rft.atitle=Antibody-mediated+FOXP3+protein+therapy+induces+apoptosis+in+cancer+cells+in+vitro+and+inhibits+metastasis+in+vivo&rft.au=Heinze+E%2C+Baldwin+S%2C+Chan+G%2C+...&rft.date=2009-07&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Oncology&rft.pages=167-73&rft.pmid=19513564&rft.volume=35.+Jahrgang" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Wang G, Lai FM, Tam LS, <i>et al.</i>: <cite style="font-style:italic">Urinary FOXP3 mRNA in patients with lupus nephritis--relation with disease activity and treatment response</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic"><a href="Rheumatology" title="Rheumatology">Rheumatology</a></cite>. 48. Jahrgang, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>7</span>, Juli 2009, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>755–60</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology%2Fkep074">10.1093/rheumatology/kep074</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19458162?dopt=Abstract">PMID 19458162</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Forkhead-Box-Protein+P3&rft.atitle=Urinary+FOXP3+mRNA+in+patients+with+lupus+nephritis--relation+with+disease+activity+and+treatment+response&rft.au=Wang+G%2C+Lai+FM%2C+Tam+LS%2C+...&rft.date=2009-07&rft.doi=10.1093%2Frheumatology%2Fkep074&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=7&rft.jtitle=Rheumatology&rft.pages=755-60&rft.pmid=19458162&rft.volume=48.+Jahrgang" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Yapici U, Bemelman FJ, Scheepstra CG, <i>et al.</i>: <cite style="font-style:italic">Intragraft FOXP3 protein or mRNA during acute renal allograft rejection correlates with inflammation, fibrosis, and poor renal outcome</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic"><a href="Transplantation_(Zeitschrift)" title="Transplantation (Zeitschrift)">Transplantation</a></cite>. 87. Jahrgang, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>9</span>, Mai 2009, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>1377–80</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1097/TP.0b013e3181a24a4b">10.1097/TP.0b013e3181a24a4b</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19424039?dopt=Abstract">PMID 19424039</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Forkhead-Box-Protein+P3&rft.atitle=Intragraft+FOXP3+protein+or+mRNA+during+acute+renal+allograft+rejection+correlates+with+inflammation%2C+fibrosis%2C+and+poor+renal+outcome&rft.au=Yapici+U%2C+Bemelman+FJ%2C+Scheepstra+CG%2C+...&rft.date=2009-05&rft.doi=10.1097%2FTP.0b013e3181a24a4b&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=9&rft.jtitle=Transplantation&rft.pages=1377-80&rft.pmid=19424039&rft.volume=87.+Jahrgang" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-PMID23396208-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-PMID23396208_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">H. Nie, Y. Zheng u. a.: <i>Phosphorylation of FOXP3 controls regulatory T cell function and is inhibited by TNF-? in rheumatoid arthritis.</i> In: <i><a href="Nature_Medicine" title="Nature Medicine">Nature Medicine</a>.</i> Band 19, Nummer 3, März 2013, S. 322–328, <span class="-print"><a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%221546-170X%22&key=cql">1546-170X</a></span></span>. <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.3085">10.1038/nm.3085</a></span>. <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23396208?dopt=Abstract">PMID 23396208</a>. </span>
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